Residential Roofing | 5 Things Homeowners Need to Know

Benefits of a Strong Roofing System: Safety & Protection

Protection: A strong roofing system shields your home from harsh weather conditions, such as rain, wind, snow, and extreme temperatures.
Energy Efficiency: Properly installed roofing helps regulate indoor temperature, reducing heating and cooling costs.
Longevity: High-quality materials and professional installation ensure years of reliable service, reducing the need for frequent repairs or replacement.
Increased Property Value: A durable roof enhances curb appeal and protects against leaks, mold, and structural issues.

Layers of a Roofing System

A robust roofing system includes multiple insulation layers, waterproofing, and ventilation.

Here’s a breakdown of these layers:

Decking: The base layer made (typically plywood), is the foundation for the other layers. Sometimes the tear-off of the old roof will reveal damaged decking that needs replacement. For maximum wind and windborne debris resistance on new installations or where existing conditions would permit, the use of thicker decking, use 5/8" thick plywood. Nail it with
10 penny common or 8 penny ring shank nails spaced at 4 inches along the panel edges and every 6 inches in the field of the plywood panel. Make sure the nails penetrate the decking directly into the roof framing.

Look in the attic. If you can see nails along the sides of the rafters or trusses, where the nail penetrates the decking, your roof deck may not be securely fastened.
Underlayment: Installed on top of decking, offering additional moisture and leak protection. Use 30# roofing felt, thicker and more durable than 15# felt.
Ice & Water Shield: This is a “peel and stick” waterproof roof underlayment membrane developed to protect vulnerable areas on a roof from ice and water damage. The adhesive back surface of the membrane will bond to the roof deck, which is a superior underlayment for areas where ice dams or severe storms are common.
Starter Shingle: The primary purpose of starter shingles is to provide a secure foundation for the first row of regular shingles. Without them, the edges of the roof would be exposed, leaving vulnerable points prone to water infiltration, wind damage, and other potential issues. Starter shingles are designed to create a stable base, ensuring that subsequent shingles adhere firmly and remain in place.
Shingles: The top layer provides the main barrier against elements. Choose products that have been tested to ASTM D 3161 and have a 110 mph wind resistance or higher (some go as high as 130 mph resistance while others as low as 60 mph) and ask for UL 2218 Class 4 impact-resistant products to protect against hail damage.
Flashing: Flashings are connections to the roof covering to any protrusion in the roof system or any wall that the roof butts up to. These critical areas will allow rain to penetrate if not installed and sealed properly.
Ridges & Ventilation: Regulates attic temperature, preventing moisture buildup and reducing energy costs. A roof should have one square foot of net ventilation area for every 150 square feet of attic floor space. Ventilation devices must be fastened or secured to the roof deck to
resist wind pressures.

Inspecting Your Roof

As a homeowner, identifying the need for repairs or replacement can be challenging. Here are key indicators of roof damage:

Sagging Roof Deck: Indicates structural damage to the decking.
Leaks or Water Stains: Water damage signs inside your home.
Missing or Cracked Shingles: Visible damage on the roof’s surface.
Granules in Gutters: Indicates shingle deterioration.
Increased Energy Bills: Could signify improper roof functioning.
Mold or Mildew Growth: Sign of water damage.
Damaged Flashing: Cracks or damage around vents, chimneys, and other roof penetrations.

Roofing Materials: Shingle

Today, many resilient roofing materials are available, with asphalt shingles being the most popular. Shingle roofs offer a versatile and stylish design for your home.

Affordability: Easy to install, minimal maintenance, cost-effective.

Variety of Styles: Wide range of colors and styles to complement any home.

Durability: Withstands harsh weather conditions and is often fire-resistant.

Why choose a class-4 shingle over class-3?

For a slight increase in price you get:

⁠Superior Protection – Designed to withstand hail, high winds, and severe weather, keeping your home safe and secure.
Lower Insurance Premiums – Many insurance providers offer discounts for Class-4 rated roofs, saving you money over time.
Durability – Built to last longer and resist damage, reducing the need for frequent repairs or replacements.
Enhanced Resale Value – Boost your home’s value with this high-quality upgrade that potential buyers love.
Peace of Mind – With top-tier protection, you can relax knowing your roof is built to handle the toughest conditions.

Roofing FAQs

How do I know if I need a new roof?

Some key signs you may need a new roof include:

Your roof is over 20 years old
You see curling, cracked, or missing shingles
There are dark streaks or algae growth on the roof
You find granules from shingles in your gutters
You can see sunlight coming through your roof boards
Your roof is sagging in areas
You have leaks or water stains inside your home

How often does a roof need to be replaced?

The typical lifespan of a roof depends on the material:

Asphalt shingles: 20-30 years
Wood shingles: 30 years
Metal roofs: 40-70 years
Slate, concrete, or clay tiles: 50-100 years

However, factors like climate, maintenance, and installation quality can impact how long a roof lasts. Most homeowners will need to replace an asphalt shingle roof every 20-30 years

How much does a new roof cost?

Costs vary based on size, old roof removal, style, shape, materials, and additional features.

What’s covered by my Home Insurance?

Most homeowners insurance policies cover roof damage caused by fire, wind, hail, and other sudden accidents or acts of nature. However, damage due to lack of maintenance or normal wear and tear is typically not covered. Insurance may not fully cover very old roofs (20+ years). Review your specific policy for details on coverage.

Should I purchase a warranty?

It's generally recommended to get both a manufacturer's warranty on materials (typically 25-30 years) and a workmanship warranty from the contractor (at least 10 years). An enhanced warranty from the manufacturer that covers both materials and labor for 50 years may be worth considering for extra protection.